Reproductive System, Male

Epididymis, Duct - Atrophy

Narrative

Comment:

Atrophy of the epididymis is generally associated with decreased luminal sperm content, secondary to decreased testicular spermatogenesis. It is characterized by a decreased diameter of the ducts, resulting in intraductal folding of the epithelium to form a scalloped appearance. The interstitial stroma may also be increased (Figure 3 and Figure 4). Atrophy can be diffuse or segmental. When segmental, it most commonly affects the corpus cauda junction. The epididymis is an androgen-dependent tissue, and atrophy can be seen in response to decreased testosterone, decreased dihydrotestosterone (e.g., 5α-reductase inhibition), or androgen receptor antagonism. Epididymal atrophy is a common age-related finding that is associated with testicular degeneration/atrophy.

Recommendations:

Ductal atrophy should be recorded and graded and should be discussed in the pathology narrative if the incidence and/or severity appears to be related to chemical administration. If both epididymides are involved, the diagnosis should be indicated as bilateral and the severity based on the more severely affected epididymis. Correlation with disturbances in other male reproductive organs is recommended to aid interpretation.

References:

Creasy D, Bube A, de Rijk E, Kandori H, Kuwahara M, Masson R, Nolte T, Reams R, Regan K, Rehm S, Rogerson P, Whitney K. 2012. Proliferative and nonproliferative lesions of the rat and mouse male reproductive system. Toxicol Pathol 40:40S-121S.

Abstract: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22949412

Ezer N, Robaire B. 2002. Androgenic regulation of the structure and functions of the epididymis. In: The Epididymis: From Molecules to Clinical (Robaire B, Hinton BT, eds). New York, Kluwer/Plenum, 297-316.

Abstract: http://www.springer.com/medicine/urology/book/978-0-306-46684-7

Klinefelter GR. 2002. Actions of toxicants on the structure and function of the epididymis. In: The Epididymis: From Molecules to Clinical (Robaire B, Hinton BT, eds). New York, Kluwer/Plenum, 353-370.

Abstract: http://www.springer.com/medicine/urology/book/978-0-306-46684-7

All Images

Epididymis, Duct - Atrophy. Decreased diameter of empty ducts in the body and tail of the epididymis in a male F344/N rat from a subchronic study.

Epididymis, Duct - Atrophy. This higher magnification of Figure 1 shows the scalloped outline of reduced epididymal ducts in a male F344/N rat from a subchronic study.

Epididymis, Duct - Atrophy. Empty, collapsed ducts surrounded by abundant mesenchymal tissue in a male F344/N rat from a chronic study.

Epididymis, Duct - Atrophy. Higher magnification of Figure 3 showing collapsed ducts surrounded by myofibrotic mesenchymal tissue in a male F344/N rat from a chronic study.

Authors and Reviewers

Authors:

Dianne M. Creasy, PhD, Dip RCPath, FRCPath
Dianne Creasy Consulting LLC
Pipersville, PA

Robert R. Maronpot, DVM, MS, MPH, DACVP, DABT, FIATP
Senior Pathologist
Experimental Pathology Laboratories, Inc.
Research Triangle Park, NC

Dipak K. Giri, DVM, PhD, DACVP
Toxicologic Pathologist
Integrated Laboratory Systems, Inc.
Research Triangle Park, NC

Reviewers:

Mark F. Cesta, DVM, PhD, DACVP
Staff Scientist, NTP Pathologist
Cellular and Molecular Pathology Branch
Division of the National Toxicology Program
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Research Triangle Park, NC

David E. Malarkey DVM, PhD, DACVP, FIATP
Head, National Toxicology Program Pathology Group
Cellular and Molecular Pathology Branch
Division of the National Toxicology Program
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Research Triangle Park, NC